tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-79478633273015895162024-02-02T08:28:07.288+01:00Expedition EarthWelcome to Expeditie Aarde – Expedition Earth.
Expeditie Aarde – Expedition Earth is an independent website.
Learn about concepts of geography, find geographic information, maps, videos and more.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger338125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-61577493545248393442020-03-27T21:58:00.000+01:002020-03-27T21:59:50.350+01:00Germany and Berlin divided into four occupation zones<br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">After the
unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945, Germany was divided into four military
occupation zones.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">France
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in the
southwest<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Britain
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in the
northwest<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
United States <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in the
south <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
Soviet Union <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in the
east<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikIspRzAoBFA8HuzhmL8rUJzfcXcE4ROVYCfwdY1wWzGPMmr1imWh7-CWjoU9jn4gMHp1hKTsrZxJxPMumV3K-95B4t5fJRrGdmiP1LCjypJXvRNHtda0Ou8yNrh2p19olrsWxPlQ1SKIt/s1600/Germany+and+Berlin+-+4+sectors.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="485" data-original-width="864" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikIspRzAoBFA8HuzhmL8rUJzfcXcE4ROVYCfwdY1wWzGPMmr1imWh7-CWjoU9jn4gMHp1hKTsrZxJxPMumV3K-95B4t5fJRrGdmiP1LCjypJXvRNHtda0Ou8yNrh2p19olrsWxPlQ1SKIt/s640/Germany+and+Berlin+-+4+sectors.png" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Berlin,
which lay in the Soviet (eastern) sector, was also divided into four military
occupation sectors (zones) with the Western sectors later becoming West Berlin
and the Soviet sector becoming East Berlin, capital of East Germany.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">France
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in the
northwest <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Britain
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in the
west<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
United States <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in the
southwest <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
Soviet Union <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 92.15pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in the
east<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The city of Berlin was divided by the Berlin Wall from 1961 to 1989. It separated the eastern half from the western half. People from the eastern half tried to escape even though the Berlin Wall was there. They used many methods to get around the guards and barbed wire on the Berlin Wall.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The Berlin Wall was taken down on 9 November 1989. Many people thought the Berlin Wall was a symbol of the Cold War. </span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-44355149799812426342020-03-26T21:35:00.002+01:002020-11-10T17:17:20.197+01:00Manchester - from industrial city to high-tech<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222; font-family: arial;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Manchester:</span><span style="background-color: white;"> </span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Today:<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;">British sporting and music
city. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Nineteenth century:<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;">main activity was the
textile industry.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF5Svl-OQ8ip7w9b-KEp0nxM9WsfH5KGOxqzecGaNlxzJ3s2x9PsBjSKpWZ4kzLtWckH96G_bMHuCrEczDTEtP4ZI_Je8Vq3vEjXvqBzAc1lTgRmiRBUgmSAEpVkba2LPoOqKzrfNXB1a9/s1600/Manchester2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="322" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF5Svl-OQ8ip7w9b-KEp0nxM9WsfH5KGOxqzecGaNlxzJ3s2x9PsBjSKpWZ4kzLtWckH96G_bMHuCrEczDTEtP4ZI_Je8Vq3vEjXvqBzAc1lTgRmiRBUgmSAEpVkba2LPoOqKzrfNXB1a9/s400/Manchester2.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><o:p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><o:p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgzajFcXJ9snAP-y9bo0cBQEm4QXmJ98QUJ7XoYbDH8c_BQi77phZrYXPJhPZGnUIioGfqe6-w2_t6xzrlfvLbimsXDbOMIxcCcW27YiR6yu3W1mhgo_zewGCOCsONaigrXmfR9M-xqTpy/s1600/Manchester.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="338" data-original-width="650" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgzajFcXJ9snAP-y9bo0cBQEm4QXmJ98QUJ7XoYbDH8c_BQi77phZrYXPJhPZGnUIioGfqe6-w2_t6xzrlfvLbimsXDbOMIxcCcW27YiR6yu3W1mhgo_zewGCOCsONaigrXmfR9M-xqTpy/s400/Manchester.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><o:p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #222222;">Manchester: the first industrial city</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">The Industrial Revolution<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<td style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;">The period when manual labour was replaced by
steam-driven factory production, began in Manchester in the eighteenth
century.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Manchester was a textile city.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">All the textile factories were located close to coal mines. Transport
costs and the location of coal were the main <b>location factors</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Coal<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Coal was the <b>means of production</b> that was needed to
power the steam engines in the textile factories.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Labour<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Labour was another important means of production: there was a lot of
knowledge and experience in the region.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Mass production<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Entrepreneurs started to use new techniques, and the steam engine was the
beginning of <b>mass production</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Cotton<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Cotton was a <b>raw material</b> that was cheap to import via
the port of Liverpool.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #222222;">Crisis and renewal</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br />
The location factors have changed since the early days.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border: none;">
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<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Electricity<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Coal was replaced with electricity, and other countries took the lead
with modern machines.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Low-wage countries<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">The serious crisis that industry experienced after 1970 was mainly due to
cheap labour in <b>low-wage countries</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Service sector<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Manchester is a modern city again, after developing its <b>service
sector</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.05pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">High-tech industry<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 269.05pt;" valign="top" width="359"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Today, the most important fields are <b>high-tech industry</b> and
science. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Also <b>urban renewal</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
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</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 13.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #222222;">High-tech in Manchester</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br /></span></span><br />
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="background: white; color: #222222;">Many high-tech businesses are big, <b>knowledge-intensive
multinationals</b>. They invest a lot in research and development and need
highly qualified employees.</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="background: white; border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 183.85pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #222222;">Footloose industry</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 268.75pt;" valign="top" width="358"><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222; font-family: arial;">High-tech companies are <b>footloose</b>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;">They are free to choose their location, because they make products that
have a high value, but not much weight or volume.</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 183.85pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;">Although high-tech companies are <b>footloose</b>, they locate
themselves close to each other. </span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 268.75pt;" valign="top" width="358"><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;">There are a lot of partnerships between the public sector, science and
businesses. This results in <b>economies of agglomeration</b> for
businesses: they benefit from being close to each other because they can
exchange ideas and information.</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 183.85pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #222222;">Accesibility</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 268.75pt;" valign="top" width="358"><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;">Accessibility (<b>infrastructure</b>) is an important <b>location
factor</b>, because they have many international contacts.</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 183.85pt;" valign="top" width="245"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #222222;">Scenic landscape</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 268.75pt;" valign="top" width="358"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;">The residential environment (culture and landscape) is also an important
location factor.</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #222222;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
</span><br />
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">QUIZLET</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://quizlet.com/_90yo92?x=1qqt&i=3ai5nx">https://quizlet.com/_90yo92?x=1qqt&i=3ai5nx</a><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-80511710922115684682020-03-26T20:50:00.001+01:002020-03-26T20:51:10.007+01:00Footloose industry<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Footloose industry is a term for an industry that can be placed and located at any location without effect from factors such as resources or transport.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEil49QAWUdF_jYZTcJXx3Q5GJOvruivwhvXvqZ7yptLJ6OPsHw87hWpTPbVZeBNwnwPIOGT_t7VYbtwkr5_408ynegvP7xGaOwK7ZckYTj6cwlTQfWha19JI4CX4-8_a_6PKHxQ62znt1Hg/s1600/Footloose+industry.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="434" data-original-width="602" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEil49QAWUdF_jYZTcJXx3Q5GJOvruivwhvXvqZ7yptLJ6OPsHw87hWpTPbVZeBNwnwPIOGT_t7VYbtwkr5_408ynegvP7xGaOwK7ZckYTj6cwlTQfWha19JI4CX4-8_a_6PKHxQ62znt1Hg/s400/Footloose+industry.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Motorways</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Industrial regions, where footloose industry is the most dominant, are often located along motorway corridors. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">motorway corridors</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> provides businesses with excellent transport links and good access to international airports. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>University</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The industries are also located close to traditional university towns where the necessary skilled workers are likely to reside.</span><br />
<div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-80360549568270358032020-01-28T23:40:00.000+01:002020-01-28T23:50:56.106+01:00Water management - the struggle against water<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Dutch have a saying: "God created the world, but the Dutch created the Netherlands". </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDC3NTOizC4w5kieDhTrCWNJY9zENxqTU2q1MygqOSg96fWpJFDygLelneT_AMHoKAHcC1I19lBYAnvOQH6cANkP9TI5gqUIC-XHWwOn_xHs_2bWpcPBPy3HGqm6SsAXYlQ0B15w-vgbn9/s1600/Below+sealevel1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="719" data-original-width="500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDC3NTOizC4w5kieDhTrCWNJY9zENxqTU2q1MygqOSg96fWpJFDygLelneT_AMHoKAHcC1I19lBYAnvOQH6cANkP9TI5gqUIC-XHWwOn_xHs_2bWpcPBPy3HGqm6SsAXYlQ0B15w-vgbn9/s640/Below+sealevel1.png" width="444" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The first defenses against the sea went up some 800 years ago. Today more than 2,400 kilometers of dikes shield the low, flat land—almost half of which lies below sea level—from invasion by the North Sea.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_gnoEzfAIlNgxc-SMp9UUQeCDf9-iHZZYq6PpuY2Ktes2oHPFoYowxuvzkSSkUtbNs7XofJ2FhS_2RM7KBfBloeduIlim_zaSjo99seHcCaOY2KpMETBytlTpGybO3uq1oEr902O8i8oA/s1600/Polder+Dutch.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_gnoEzfAIlNgxc-SMp9UUQeCDf9-iHZZYq6PpuY2Ktes2oHPFoYowxuvzkSSkUtbNs7XofJ2FhS_2RM7KBfBloeduIlim_zaSjo99seHcCaOY2KpMETBytlTpGybO3uq1oEr902O8i8oA/s400/Polder+Dutch.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE3hmEaovzPwdeRwTLflrQQygsbjNlTrW5xepnEj48hQGY_tVFFSISRr8tgBKT9ALQhFNc7YFif02_3PQwTygFwR_ZW4Uj56JBbKQiP3FbBxC63EAqnrpQUcrL6Ky8QjgtnsRJc_N1oFpf/s1600/Delta+works.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE3hmEaovzPwdeRwTLflrQQygsbjNlTrW5xepnEj48hQGY_tVFFSISRr8tgBKT9ALQhFNc7YFif02_3PQwTygFwR_ZW4Uj56JBbKQiP3FbBxC63EAqnrpQUcrL6Ky8QjgtnsRJc_N1oFpf/s400/Delta+works.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Water management is an important issue for the Netherlands, as due to its low height, approximately two thirds of its area is vulnerable to flooding, while the country is densely populated. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/sagQC-RGjsk/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/sagQC-RGjsk?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Natural dunes and man-made dikes, dams, and floodgates provide defence against storm surges from the sea. River dikes prevent flooding from water flowing into the country by the major rivers Rhine and Meuse, while a complicated system of drainage ditches, canals, and pumping stations / windmills keep the low-lying parts dry for habitation and agriculture. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dutch Water Authorities (water control boards) are the independent local government bodies responsible for maintaining this system.</span><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-20030180027548063132018-10-10T09:32:00.000+02:002018-10-10T09:45:51.064+02:00Human migration<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">Human
migration is the movement by people from one place to another. </span>The
movement is often over long distances and from one country to another, but internal
migration in a country is also possible.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">People
may migrate as individuals, in family units or in large groups.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWmVehr1TUkf746Dj5JQChuq5lhXsL0vd8NMAcJYA5arMlFqvpEgU2DCZ3cjvSnfWXsB-_ojHU2TrLMYAYFT3OaDqEunuRzz-xiUdzn9gpvKr7il9qAtpRxXBkvwiLVbpK6jltlZE6dswE/s1600/Migration1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="743" data-original-width="990" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWmVehr1TUkf746Dj5JQChuq5lhXsL0vd8NMAcJYA5arMlFqvpEgU2DCZ3cjvSnfWXsB-_ojHU2TrLMYAYFT3OaDqEunuRzz-xiUdzn9gpvKr7il9qAtpRxXBkvwiLVbpK6jltlZE6dswE/s400/Migration1.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Introduction</b></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Below are four items about human migration:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">- Human migration.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">- Different types of human movements.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">- Several categories of migration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">- Reasons for migrating.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>1. Human migration.
</b></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Human
migration is the movement of people from one place in the world to another, <o:p></o:p></span>with the intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily in a new location.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><b>2. Different
types of human movements.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Then
tell students that people move for many reasons, and that types of human
migration include:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 0px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.3pt;" valign="top" width="142"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">internal
migration: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 347.05pt;" valign="top" width="463"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">moving
within a state, country, or continent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.3pt;" valign="top" width="142"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">external
migration: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 347.05pt;" valign="top" width="463"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">moving
to a different state, country, or continent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.3pt;" valign="top" width="142"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">emigration:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 347.05pt;" valign="top" width="463"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">leaving
one country to move to another.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.3pt;" valign="top" width="142"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">immigration:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 347.05pt;" valign="top" width="463"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">moving
into a new country.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.3pt;" valign="top" width="142"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">return
migration: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 347.05pt;" valign="top" width="463"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">moving
back to where you came from.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.3pt;" valign="top" width="142"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">seasonal
migration: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 347.05pt;" valign="top" width="463"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">moving
with each season or in response to labor or climate conditions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><b>3. Several
categories of migration.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">People who
migrate fall into several categories:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.1pt;" valign="top" width="141"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">An
emigrant <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 347.0pt;" valign="top" width="463"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">is a
person who is leaving one country to live in another.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">An
immigrant <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">is a
person who is entering a country from another to make a new home.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A
refugee <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">is a
person who has moved to a new country because of a problem in their former
home.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><b>4. Reasons
for migrating.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Why do
people move? What forces drive human migration? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">People
move for many reasons and those reasons are called push factors and pull
factors:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Push factors<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Tell
students that push factors include leaving a place because of a problem, such
as a food shortage, war, or flood. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Pull factors<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Tell
students that pull factors include moving to a place because of something
good, such as a nicer climate, more job opportunities, or a better food
supply. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Extra questions:</b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">What
effect does a region’s economy, climate, politics, and culture have on
migration to and from the area? Additional reasons for
migrating, such as displacement by a natural disaster, lack of natural resources,
the state of an economy and more.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-85328710655661072612018-03-29T22:51:00.005+02:002018-03-29T22:59:41.111+02:00Monsoon<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A monsoon is a seasonal change in the wind direction, caused by the shift of the tropical minimum and the changing temperatures over the ocean and land. The monsoon usually brings with it a different kind of weather. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Long-term mean precipitation by month</b><br />The animation below shows the long-term average precipitation by month (mm/day and in/day). </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>The South-West Monsoon in the summer </b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">During June and July, the summer monsoon arrives with southerly wind flow driven by a warm air mass with low pressure at the surface that forms over southern Asia as it is warmed by the sun. Air from the relatively higher pressure air mass over the Indian and tropical western Pacific Ocean flows northward toward the low pressure over land, bring with it heavy rains.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtYVXy8rdxZZ8bwI6cbR6xtSYigYXSqTo82FLs9R7tj9DKry8u0o8SZiXU7maGUrQl8UVXNMDaNSJRxBooMU5618wCmLxcdc0z9b_FlxriRy7peaXdlYNZpjF4n5UzmBNNKYaiw8s8-SB0/s1600/Monsoon-summer.bmp"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtYVXy8rdxZZ8bwI6cbR6xtSYigYXSqTo82FLs9R7tj9DKry8u0o8SZiXU7maGUrQl8UVXNMDaNSJRxBooMU5618wCmLxcdc0z9b_FlxriRy7peaXdlYNZpjF4n5UzmBNNKYaiw8s8-SB0/s400/Monsoon-summer.bmp" width="390" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The South-West Monsoon are rain-bearing on-shore winds, blowing from sea to land, and bring rains to most parts of the subcontinent. The Monsoon winds are eagerly awaited in most parts of India for their agricultural and economic importance.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>The North-East Monsoon in the winter </b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">During the winter monsoon, a large high pressure zone over Asia drives cool, dry air southward toward the tropics. This provides the monsoon region with its dry season.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjexXnHKz3buX3zZPbp26SZTur0tEoM9dbwSucSoLKnDVEZMfI8g0IF98RzO4oshHnq9nOwzCXB7ZGFbSCb7UH8E8cmXTX1wPRXGE2hdupMd8l8d0qq4OZ8InewIF0HTVF7TejyIdOfiDJ5/s1600/Monsoon-winter.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="396" data-original-width="386" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjexXnHKz3buX3zZPbp26SZTur0tEoM9dbwSucSoLKnDVEZMfI8g0IF98RzO4oshHnq9nOwzCXB7ZGFbSCb7UH8E8cmXTX1wPRXGE2hdupMd8l8d0qq4OZ8InewIF0HTVF7TejyIdOfiDJ5/s400/Monsoon-winter.bmp" width="388" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />Subsequently later in the year, around October, these winds reverse direction and start blowing from north direction. The North-East Monsoon are off-shore winds. Given their land to sea flow, from subcontinent onto the Indian Ocean, they have less moisture and bring rain to only limited parts of India. This is known as the North-East Monsoon. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /><b>Late arrival of the monsoon</b><br />A late arrival of the monsoon can be bad for agriculture, as the monsoon rains are necessary for summer crops. <br /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />In India, for example, the dry northerly wind flow over India changes direction, and warm humid air from the Indian Ocean flows from the south, gradually overspreading the Indian subcontinent. Widespread heavy rains, and even severe thunderstorms, large hail and tornadoes can accompany the onset (arrival) of the summer monsoon.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /><b>Floods</b><br />The annually monsoon rains flooding large part of Bangladesh, killing thousands of people and destroying farm animals and crops. Bangladesh is vulnerable to the natural disaster of flooding due to being situated on the Ganges Delta and the many tributaries flowing into the Bay of Bengal. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD5fgdxbENgiImbVJKbBVsFSlthnoljYVuPWvuugREVw4peVjT92ftUONqwvXUp3TUNteLqdUWX_IaHnZgtqXLTR7VA0z3CaKhQFO0SKjC7CwjvRATACEDMD8F1kRsZqGXrsVLue8bRkj7/s1600/Floods+in+India.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="310" data-original-width="600" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD5fgdxbENgiImbVJKbBVsFSlthnoljYVuPWvuugREVw4peVjT92ftUONqwvXUp3TUNteLqdUWX_IaHnZgtqXLTR7VA0z3CaKhQFO0SKjC7CwjvRATACEDMD8F1kRsZqGXrsVLue8bRkj7/s320/Floods+in+India.bmp" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The coastal flooding twinned with the bursting of Bangladesh's river banks is common and severely affects the landscape and Bangladeshi society. 75% of Bangladesh is less than 10m above sea level and 80% is flood plain, therefore rendering Bangladesh a nation very much at risk of further widespread damage despite its development. Whilst more permanent defences are being built, many embankments are composed purely of soil and turf and made by local farmers. Flooding normally occurs during the monsoon season from June to September during the monsoon. The convectional rainfall of the monsoon is added to by relief rainfall caused by the Himalayas. Melt-water from the Himalayas is also a significant input and flood every year.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-14235486460708673452018-03-28T11:12:00.004+02:002018-03-28T11:13:32.293+02:00Earthquake-resistant buildings<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Earthquake-resistant structures are structures designed to protect buildings from earthquakes.<br /><br />After a massive earthquake one wonders if it’s possible to build an earthquake-proof building? The answer is yes and no. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEXy1sfxM8_eL97w4WgcGqgWGai6SXIb6f4cXIDbdSfHp-VgmQusw6tKhMW2pKKj8Zt7ZT6htUP9TfJGrwBULVpb4kw8J582pJ__sgvbFLjdsmVX03Ei9lCO_eCocItGyoy6KEpx-rQx51/s1600/earthquake-proof-building.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="617" data-original-width="617" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEXy1sfxM8_eL97w4WgcGqgWGai6SXIb6f4cXIDbdSfHp-VgmQusw6tKhMW2pKKj8Zt7ZT6htUP9TfJGrwBULVpb4kw8J582pJ__sgvbFLjdsmVX03Ei9lCO_eCocItGyoy6KEpx-rQx51/s400/earthquake-proof-building.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />There are of course, engineering techniques that can be used to create a very sound structure that will endure a modest or even strong quake. However, during a very strong earthquake, even the best engineered building may suffer severe damage. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGw1sPLuP2PsMGa44gHDjppAhNYer0D8yQV9Upf8TnIXFSbB7VM7NRvCR3N18_iuGbbzmy6pJAnI39XslQNvKQKup8Sjh8TC2jaMj7hwrqde6TGTbTF0FsImm2GqmZTDLt0gJCEeb7tKI3/s1600/earthquake-proof-building2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="460" data-original-width="788" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGw1sPLuP2PsMGa44gHDjppAhNYer0D8yQV9Upf8TnIXFSbB7VM7NRvCR3N18_iuGbbzmy6pJAnI39XslQNvKQKup8Sjh8TC2jaMj7hwrqde6TGTbTF0FsImm2GqmZTDLt0gJCEeb7tKI3/s400/earthquake-proof-building2.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br />Engineers design buildings to withstand as much sideways motion as possible in order to minimize damage to the structure and give the occupants time to get out safely.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-52388653091581327262017-11-02T11:57:00.000+01:002017-11-02T11:57:00.707+01:00Interregional migration in the USA<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYWknZMwD7Y8I40hjzRkpJioamNvXOe-fqcDVzDgxBqGjord2bHZUGKv2Qveoiu3X7q-hbWHHCv4sRuoiH4sQQb2v_SJDiPjLnDSKU5dcoQN-s9vxsTMvCdHG-qZnCIabLE5jTTmiSpWPl/s1600/Migration+interregional+USA.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="459" data-original-width="708" height="414" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYWknZMwD7Y8I40hjzRkpJioamNvXOe-fqcDVzDgxBqGjord2bHZUGKv2Qveoiu3X7q-hbWHHCv4sRuoiH4sQQb2v_SJDiPjLnDSKU5dcoQN-s9vxsTMvCdHG-qZnCIabLE5jTTmiSpWPl/s640/Migration+interregional+USA.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-80041676697893398552017-02-23T21:55:00.000+01:002017-02-23T21:56:32.739+01:00The anatomy of an earthquake<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">Professor Iain Stewart tells us more about the a</span><span style="background-color: white;">natomy of an earthquake.</span></span><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-55283339002707536732016-12-13T22:30:00.003+01:002016-12-13T22:47:57.535+01:00Megacities - Living In The City<br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-19795620435636994592016-12-13T22:22:00.005+01:002016-12-13T22:23:12.098+01:00City Slums - Megacity Problems<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Problems of urbanisation in ELDCs of India and Brazil. Mumbai (Bombay) India, Asia and Rio de Janerio, Brazil, South America case studies.</span><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-60441724892605488482016-11-22T09:14:00.001+01:002016-11-22T09:14:06.318+01:00Burden of debt<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A debt burden is a large amount of money that one country or organization owes to another and which they find very difficult to repay. A debt burden is the amount of debt that a particular country etc. has, considered as a burden on its economy and people and a hindrance to their progress. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8sPH3JeSGq7cTbNkW8b0AIfFudAve-SJGR5fDrhAqFMIoATl_TMd_O8v0vBnOZabqgCb5jB6M6lFs4EeszSlQbnJFNqbCyWyMvQWJY4-4Q6xy4B9RvZNIsRZr9BWONuKjgUnbOPdVrlbi/s1600/Burden+of+debt.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8sPH3JeSGq7cTbNkW8b0AIfFudAve-SJGR5fDrhAqFMIoATl_TMd_O8v0vBnOZabqgCb5jB6M6lFs4EeszSlQbnJFNqbCyWyMvQWJY4-4Q6xy4B9RvZNIsRZr9BWONuKjgUnbOPdVrlbi/s1600/Burden+of+debt.png" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The debt of developing countries refers to the external debt incurred by governments of developing countries, generally in quantities beyond the ability of the governments to repay. </span>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-23375944066101909152016-11-11T11:33:00.001+01:002016-11-11T11:37:12.065+01:00Tariff barriers – trade barriers<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
trade between countries can be limited by enforcing tariff barriers and other
restrictions (non-tariff barriers). A tariff is a tax on imports or exports. Most
trade barriers work on the same principle: the imposition of some sort of cost
on trade that raises the price of the traded products.</span></span><br />
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<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; border-image: none; border: currentColor; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tariff
barriers</strong></span></span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-image: none; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 219.45pt;" valign="top" width="293"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Non-tariff
barriers</strong></span></span></div>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 233.65pt;" valign="top" width="312"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
trade between countries can be limited by imposing tariff. A tariff is a tax
on imports or exports. Tariffs are customs duties (tax) charged on imported or
exported goods. </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Non-tariff
barriers are all trade barriers that restrict international trade, but in a
form other than tariffs.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Examples
of tariff barriers to trade: </span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-Manufactured
goods from LEDCs to the EU face a tariff of 30%. </span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-The
European Union may place a tariff on imported beef from the United States if
it thinks that the goods could be infected with a disease.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Japanese
companies have located in the European Union to avoid tariffs, the EU do not
apply duties if 60% of the components are made in Europe.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 219.45pt;" valign="top" width="293"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Examples
of non-tariff barriers to trade: </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-Import
licenses</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-Export
licenses</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-Import
quotas</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-Subsidies</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-Embargo</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-Local
content requirements</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">-Currency
devaluation</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Why are
tariffs and trade barriers used?</strong> </span></span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tariffs
are often created to protect the domestic industries and developing economies,
but are also used by more advanced economies with developed industries. </span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Who benefits?</strong>
</span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
benefits of tariffs are uneven. Because a tariff is a tax, the government will
see increased revenue as imports enter the domestic market. Domestic industries
also benefit from a reduction in competition, since import prices are
artificially inflated. Unfortunately for consumers - both individual consumers
and businesses - higher import prices mean higher prices for goods.</span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-14221625411412637112016-11-09T10:53:00.001+01:002016-11-09T10:57:49.536+01:00The Villages - an age-restricted, gated community in Florida<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
Villages is a master-planned retirement community, an age-restricted community in
Sumter County, Florida, United States.</span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial";"><a href="http://www.thevillages.com/">http://www.thevillages.com/</a></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
Villages consistently ranks as a very high growth area. The US Census ranked
The Villages as the fastest-growing U.S. city for the second year in a row. The
Villages has more than doubled in size since 2010. As of April 2016, the total
population of retirement community The Villages reached 55,000 people.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
Villages offers numerous forms of recreation. The majority of the costs are
paid for via the monthly amenities fee assessed to residents. The centerpiece
of The Villages is its numerous assortment of golf courses. The ability to play
"Free Golf for Life" is a key component of The Villages advertising
campaigns. In addition, The Villages operates numerous recreation centers. These
centers offer local adult-only pools as well as horseshoe, and shuffleboard
courts, fitness centers and stages for theatrical and musical productions. Beyond
the golf courses and recreation centers, The Villages also operates numerous
softball fields, a polo stadium and a woodworking shop, plus the Lifelong
Learning College.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
Villages is a gated community known for low crime rates.</span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-69356982830136451342016-10-14T12:16:00.000+02:002016-10-14T12:55:27.085+02:00Difference between Beverly Hills and Watts<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5l43YS049_AFAjh5RXOYXdIaiEs8kIDlmDuWSzGaa32iFDjJBKN0r7ggM7aTgAbwvORIDAmsqkyNUqdMhhd6uy1R-4kI8TdHXBqOcOQ3X9AEZYalXfHwAVX_mRTyKduhCBFLc1L_2KIpF/s1600/Beverly+Hills.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5l43YS049_AFAjh5RXOYXdIaiEs8kIDlmDuWSzGaa32iFDjJBKN0r7ggM7aTgAbwvORIDAmsqkyNUqdMhhd6uy1R-4kI8TdHXBqOcOQ3X9AEZYalXfHwAVX_mRTyKduhCBFLc1L_2KIpF/s400/Beverly+Hills.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-image: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 91.9pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-image: none; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Beverly Hills, Bel Air
and Santa Monica</span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-image: none; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Watts</span></span></div>
</td>
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<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 91.9pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Wealth/poverty</span></span></div>
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<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Wealth in Beverly
Hills.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Less than 7% live
below the poverty line.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Poverty in Watts.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">One-third of all
households live below the poverty line and live near slum-like conditions.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 91.9pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Quality of life</span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Most of the
residents are very wealthy, having a good quality of life.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Most of the
residents are poor, having a low quality of life.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 91.9pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Managerial jobs</span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">53 % of the
residents are working in managerial jobs.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">9 % of the residents
are working in managerial jobs.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 91.9pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">10 % of the
residents are working in unskilled jobs.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 91.9pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Graduates</span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">47 % of the
residents are graduates.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3.1 % of the
residents are graduates.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 91.9pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Ethnic groups</span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Predominantly
European residents</span></span></div>
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<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">69% of the residents
are Hispanics from Mexico of Central America and 24% are African-American. </span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 91.9pt;" valign="top" width="123"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Employment</span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Unemployment rate is
low.</span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Many people are out
of work.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-37838042595376419272016-10-12T12:45:00.000+02:002016-10-12T12:45:44.968+02:00Integration, assimilation and segregation<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Integration</strong> <br /><br />Immigrants take an active part in the society, they got to school, get a job and speak the language. Integration does not mean you have to give up your culture.<br /> <br /><br /><strong>Assimilation</strong> <br /><br />Assimilation means that immigrants must adapt as much as possible and encouraged to adapt the national culture. Assimilation is the process whereby a minority group increasingly adapts to the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture and customs.<br /> <br /><br /><strong>Segregation</strong><br /> <br />The word segregation means separation. <br /><br />Segregation happens in two ways: <br /><br />1 - spatial segregation: groups have their own area to live in. Examples; rich/poor, ethnic neighbourhoods (Little Italy, Chinatown). <br /><br />2 - social segregation: groups live separately from each other. Examples; groups have their own schools, own sports clubs. The groups have little or no contact with each other. </span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-72128777171996890452016-10-07T12:09:00.005+02:002016-10-07T13:03:25.807+02:00Windward and leeward side of a mountain<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
windward side of a mountain faces the wind while the leeward side faces away
from the prevailing wind. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The climate
on different sides of the mountain can vary greatly. </span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiokO29RfewZ9U7DBY2Bo3Guo4rGjYRqujCKYUHlZjL_LyMU0bPriFKYmPJ_Edf4T7FDwHuA0eInPGm-d0uOhyCla0EPsNnkqUH990XnK3O4yYy-_2TqWWRxPxGRbniVnaW502YYoNtWCs/s1600/Leeward+and+Windward.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiokO29RfewZ9U7DBY2Bo3Guo4rGjYRqujCKYUHlZjL_LyMU0bPriFKYmPJ_Edf4T7FDwHuA0eInPGm-d0uOhyCla0EPsNnkqUH990XnK3O4yYy-_2TqWWRxPxGRbniVnaW502YYoNtWCs/s640/Leeward+and+Windward.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>The windward side of
a mountain</strong></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>The leeward side of
a mountain</strong></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The windward side of
a mountain faces the prevailing wind (the Dutch word is loef). </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">As air passes across
the windward side of the mountain, most of the moisture is drawn out of it.
This is because the air cools as it rises up the slope of the mountain and
condenses, leading to clouds and rain.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The leeward side
faces away from the prevailing wind (the Dutch word is lij). </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the leeward side
of the mountain, the climate is warmer and drier; as the air moves down the
opposite side of the mountain, it loses its moisture and warms up. </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Scientists call this
the rain shadow effect.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjrtzgTereBGlZyjSbXr5RxAfpAane5xV45Bg4ibfva0M9I82d2DlzKkj7j48LHlWJ6urS1QvKL-BRMji5b0d7isoDqfxuEmLSv__JirmwrZThhDGHihMN7bhuVbd7vrmh62_fXomTzBB0/s1600/Leeward+and+Windward2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjrtzgTereBGlZyjSbXr5RxAfpAane5xV45Bg4ibfva0M9I82d2DlzKkj7j48LHlWJ6urS1QvKL-BRMji5b0d7isoDqfxuEmLSv__JirmwrZThhDGHihMN7bhuVbd7vrmh62_fXomTzBB0/s640/Leeward+and+Windward2.png" width="640" /></a></span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-3212164819109281442016-09-08T20:53:00.000+02:002016-09-08T21:16:54.127+02:00The United States–Mexico Border<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The United States–Mexico border is the international border between the United States and Mexico.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsWOrbvzESVhfu4zPmQ0BIQEq0r6ZdKMqR_IvAtDyt9JjvpcQA0lwIKrKDaVGcP8oKgiG6m2jULs2G4Sa2X5J9P98QbMIY_dM7yfLI7SvKaKSq5r0UwUWLZFuP-jW-F3l3jH7foIjHwoYG/s1600/mexico-us-border.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="340" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsWOrbvzESVhfu4zPmQ0BIQEq0r6ZdKMqR_IvAtDyt9JjvpcQA0lwIKrKDaVGcP8oKgiG6m2jULs2G4Sa2X5J9P98QbMIY_dM7yfLI7SvKaKSq5r0UwUWLZFuP-jW-F3l3jH7foIjHwoYG/s640/mexico-us-border.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It runs from California (in the west) to Texas (in the east). It covers a variety of terrains, ranging from major urban areas to inhospitable deserts.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The United States–Mexico border has the highest number of legal crossings of any land border in the world. Over five million cars and trucks travel through the border annually. According to Vulliamy, one in five Mexican nationals will visit or work in the United States at one point in their lifetime. As of 2010, the border is guarded by more than twenty thousand Border Patrol agents, more than at any time in its history. However, they only have "effective control" of less than 1,100 km of the 3,145 km of total border, with an ability to actually prevent or stop illegal entries along 208 km of that border. The border is paralleled by United States Border Patrol Interior Checkpoints on major roads generally between 65 and 120 km from the U.S. side of the border, and garitas generally within 50 km of the border on the Mexican side.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Drug trafficking tunnel under the U.S.-Mexico border used by the Sinaloa Cartel</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There are an estimated half a million illegal entries into the United States each year. Border Patrol activity is concentrated around big border cities such as San Diego and El Paso which do have extensive border fencing.</span><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-17100120436495599212016-09-07T00:09:00.000+02:002016-09-07T00:09:18.948+02:00US - population density<br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-79502341349648765312016-09-06T23:33:00.000+02:002016-09-06T23:33:54.629+02:00US - topographic relief<br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-77798825021964989462016-08-05T23:50:00.001+02:002016-08-05T23:50:51.887+02:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-42857855027522147552016-06-02T13:06:00.004+02:002016-06-02T13:07:30.129+02:00Peat in the Netherlands
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Peat, or
turf, is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Peat forms in
wetland bogs, moors, mires, and swamps. <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Peat forms
when plant material, usually in marshy areas. It is composed mainly of marshland
vegetation: trees, grasses, fungi, as well as other types of organic remains,
such as insects, and animal remains. </span></span></div>
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-11367311212540344502016-02-13T20:57:00.002+01:002016-02-13T21:39:14.421+01:00Zika virus<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The World Health Organisation has called an emergency meeting (28 January 2016</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">) to address the spread of the mysterious Zika virus, as health experts warned the outbreak is ballooning at an “extremely alarming” rate.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Zika virus is a virus transmitted by daytime-active mosquitoes. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Zika is spread by mosquitoes, not from person to person. </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">There is no vaccine to prevent infection or medicine to treat Zika.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Once a person has been infected, he or she is likely to be protected from future infections.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The name Zika comes from the Zika Forest of Uganda, where the virus was first isolated in 1947.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The infections, known as Zika fever, often causes no or only mild symptoms. Since the 1950s it has been known to happen within Africa and Asia. In 2014, the virus spread eastward across the Pacific Ocean to French Polynesia, then to Easter Island and in 2015 to Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America, where the Zika outbreak has reached pandemic levels.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Zika virus is related to dengue and yellow fever. The illness it causes is similar to a mild form of dengue fever, is treated by rest, and cannot yet be prevented by drugs or vaccines. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Symptoms of the Zika virus</b></span><br />
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<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">About 1 in 5 people infected with Zika virus become ill.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The most common symptoms of Zika are fever, rash, joint pain, or red eyes. Other common symptoms include muscle pain and headache.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The illness is usually mild with symptoms lasting for several days to a week.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">People usually don’t get sick enough to go to the hospital, and they very rarely die of Zika.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Zika virus usually remains in the blood of an infected person for about a week but it can be found longer in some people.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There is a link between Zika fever and microcephaly in newborn babies by mother-to-child transmission. Microcephaly is a birth defect where a baby’s head is smaller than expected when compared to babies of the same sex and age. Babies with microcephaly often have smaller brains that might not have developed properly.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>The story of Daniele Ferreira dos Santos and her baby Juan</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Around the fifth month of her pregnancy, Daniele Ferreira dos Santos fell ill with a high fever and angry red splotches on her skin. She soon recovered. But weeks later, when she went to the hospital for a prenatal exam, the news was horrific: The baby she was carrying likely had a severe brain injury.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">When Juan Pedro Campos dos Santos came into the world in December, the circumference of his head was just ten inches, about 20 per cent smaller than normal.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ms Santos was never diagnosed with Zika, but she blames the virus for her son's defect and for the terrible toll it has taken on her life. Living in Recife in the northeastern state of Pernambuco, she is at the epicenter of the Zika outbreak, and Pedro is among 4,000 suspected cases of microcephaly that may be connected to the virus, although no link has yet been proven. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A man wearing protective clothing sprays grave stones with a fumigation machine. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Health workers carry out fumigation as part of preventive measures against the Zika virus and other mosquito-borne diseases.</span><br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-25432986902929434782015-10-10T00:06:00.001+02:002015-10-10T00:07:52.835+02:00Short term aid and Long term aid<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Aid is a
transfer of resources from a MEDC to a LEDC. Aid includes money, equipment,
food, training, skilled people and loans.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Short term aid (emergency aid)<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: white;">Long term aid (sustainable aid)</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Short term
aid is for immediate relief in emergencies such as famines, earthquakes,
floods and droughts.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Emergency
aid saves lives.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This
includes money, food, blankets, tents and medical supplies.</span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Long term
aid is for economic and social development.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Its
purpose is to improve the quality of life for people living in LEDCs.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Long
term aid can improve the standard of living of people living in LEDCs</span></li>
</ul>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Advantages
of short term aid</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Short
term aid gives help which can save lives immediately.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Short
term aid can develop into long term aid after a disaster, as people in MEDCs
realise how poor people are in the affected zone.</span></li>
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<span lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Advantages
of long term aid</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">New
industries can develop which improves peoples chances of getting skills and
long term employment.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It can
lead to improvements in long term farming methods – introducing new crops and
better land management practises.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Trade
with the donor country may continue into the future.</span></li>
<li><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Schools, hospitals, roads, dams
and other infrastructure projects improve the lives of many people and will
last for a long time.</span></li>
</ul>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Questions</span></b></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Give two
advantages/disadvantages of aid?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Using examples
explain why some countries need aid?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Using
examples describe and explain two types of aid?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">What are
the advantages of emergency aid to a country you have studied?</span></li>
</ol>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7947863327301589516.post-52384949650463917532015-09-25T21:13:00.003+02:002015-09-25T22:06:18.814+02:00Infant mortality<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Infant Mortality is the number of babies dying before their first birthday per 1000 live births.</span><br />
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