Population graph, with or without Aids (Sub-Saharan Africa)

In the world's six hardest-hit countries (all of them in Sub-Saharan Africa) where at least one-fifth of the adult population has HIV, the average life expectancy for a child born in 2000-2005 will fall to under 40 years, from the pre-AIDS expectation of 60 years. This represents a reversal of most development gains of the past 30 years - affecting an entire generation.

One of the highest prevalence of HIV in the world is currently in Botswana, with more than one in three of the population infected. Life expectancy has dropped from 64 years in 1990-1995 to 51 years in 1995-2000 and is in 2004 around 39, a figure about 28 years lower than the life expectancy projected in the absence of AIDS.

The next graph shows the population pyramid of Botswana with or without Aids epidemic in the year 2020. Botswana has a life expectancy of less than 40 years. In Botswana is the population in 2020 is projected to be below that in 2000.


In South Africa, the largest of the hardest hit countries, average life expectancy is only 47 years, instead of 66, if AIDS were not a factor. HIV prevalence among pregnant women reached nearly one in three in 2004, and in the country's worst affected province, KwaZulu-Natal, prevalence has reached 40 per cent.
The second graph shows two population pyramids with and without Aids, in South Africa, in 2000 and in 2025. The yellow colour in the next graph shows the actual estimated and projected population in South Africa. The red colour shows the hypothetical size of the population in the absence of AIDS.
The second graph shows two population pyramids with and without Aids, in South Africa, in 2000 and in 2025. The yellow colour in the next graph shows the actual estimated and projected population in South Africa. The red colour shows the hypothetical size of the population in the absence of AIDS.

This map shows the concentration of AIDS patients in the world. As you can see,  Sub-Saharan Africa has very high statistics compare to other geographic places.

What is the old-age dependency ratio?

The next video explains the old-age dependency ratio.

How to Make a Map

A small introduction: "How to make a map".

How to make a Map?

The gold rush

A short (introduction) video about the gold rush in California.

The changing ethnic composition of the USA

The next graph shows the changing ethnic composition of the United States between 1994 and 2050.

Race and ethnicity in the United States

The United States is a diverse country, racially and ethnically. And different  races are officially recognized: White, African American, Hispanic, Asian and Native Americans.

White, also called Caucasian: those having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe.

African American, also called Black: those having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa.

Hispanic, also called Latino Americans: those having origins in the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America.

Asian, also called Asian American: those having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent; frequently specified as Chinese American, Korean American, Filipino American, Vietnamese American, Japanese American, etc.

American Indian, also called Native Americans: those having origins in any of the original peoples of North, Central and South America, and who maintain tribal affiliation or community attachment.

Subsistence and commercial farming

Subsistence farming

A subsistence farmer is a farmer who grows his own crops. Subsistence agriculture is self-sufficiency farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their families. The typical subsistence farm has a range of crops and animals needed by the family to eat and clothe themselves during the year.

Commercial farming

A commercial farmer is a farmer who sells all his crops. Commercial agriculture is large-scale production of crops for sale, intended for widespread distribution to wholesalers or retail outlets. In commercial farming crops such as wheat, maize, coffee, tea, sugarcane, rubber, banana, cotton are harvested and sold into world markets.